The Dragon's Eye on Taiwan: The truth behind the China-Taiwan dispute
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El Niño can be understood in simple terms like this:
El Niño is a climate pattern. Under normal conditions, the waters of the Pacific Ocean remain relatively cool and winds move in their usual direction. This helps maintain normal weather conditions in many countries around the world.
However, when the ocean water suddenly becomes unusually warm, it changes global atmospheric circulation patterns. As a result, hot air gets trapped over certain regions, increasing environmental temperatures and causing heatwaves. This imbalance in weather patterns is called El Niño.
Scientists have indicated the possibility of El Niño conditions developing again in 2026. Due to this:
This time, experts believe that El Niño could also create heat dome-like conditions over India.
A Heat Dome is an intense high-pressure system that acts like a lid, trapping hot air over a particular region.
Because of this:
This can create prolonged temperature crises. It may also weaken the monsoon, resulting in less rainfall and increased chances of severe drought.
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At present, heat dome-like conditions are mainly being observed over northwestern, central, and western parts of India.
According to weather experts, the impact may be stronger in:
According to the India Meteorological Department and private weather agencies:
Experts say that between May 10 and May 13, this system may strengthen further over northwestern India, making heat dome conditions even more noticeable.
El Niño affects weather patterns across many countries, especially those around the Pacific Ocean.
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In India, the biggest impact of El Niño is usually on the monsoon, which can lead to reduced rainfall and rising temperatures.
Because of El Niño, temperatures can remain 5–8°C above normal, increasing heat-related health risks.
Reduced rainfall directly affects farmers and can lead to:
Central India, which is heavily dependent on agriculture, is especially vulnerable to drought, while coastal states may face extreme heat and humidity.
El Niño often causes below-normal rainfall during the monsoon season.
Intense and prolonged heatwaves during April to June affect northern, central, and eastern India.
The combination of heat and humidity creates dangerous conditions for outdoor activities.
Health risks include:
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